Lupus is a chronic disorder primarily characterized by inflammation and discomfort in various body parts. It is classified as an autoimmune complication because it induces the body’s immune system to attack healthy tissues. Lupus symptoms vary from one individual to another and can range from mild to acute. Swelling associated with lupus affects the skin, joints, heart, lungs, and brain. Lupus affects both men and women across all age groups. However, women aged between 15 and 45 and people from families with a history of lupus or other autoimmune disorders are at the highest risk of developing the condition. Here’s a breakdown of the common symptoms associated with lupus:
1. Pain or swelling of joints
Lupus causes joint pain, inflammation, and stiffness in joints. The most susceptible joints are those farthest from the body, such as knees, ankles, wrists, toes, and elbows. Though joint complications associated with lupus are rarely long-term, severe cases of lupus can pave the way for arthritis and tendonitis.
2. Headaches
Headaches are a common symptom of lupus infection. Besides that, lupus can cause brain fog, characterized by short-term memory loss and difficulty articulating thoughts. The symptoms subside and recur and can interfere with your daily routine. Seeking medical help will enable you to cope and effectively deal with the symptoms.
3. Low fever
Sudden fever is one of the early symptoms of lupus. Over 35% of patients with lupus experience a low-grade and recurring fever of between 98 and 101 degrees Fahrenheit. Low-grade lupus fever arises from swelling or infection of body tissues. Luckily, lupus fever is manageable and goes away after taking lupus medicine.
4. Chest pain when deep breathing
Lupus, when severe, causes inflammation of lung tissues, linings, diaphragm, and associated blood vessels. Severe swelling in the pleural membrane can cause sharp stabbing pain when inhaling. The pain worsens when you cough, sneeze or inhale deeply. In some cases, the inflammation can cause pleural effusion, the abnormal build-up of fluids in the pleural cavity leading to shortness of breath. Severe inflammation can cause scarring, which in turn hampers the oxygenation of blood.
5. Extreme fatigue
Over 60% of lupus patients admit to experiencing varying levels of body fatigue. In addition to fatigue, you may experience anxiety, insomnia, and high-stress levels. If you are diagnosed with lupus, it helps to maintain an active lifestyle and a daily exercise routine to boost your body’s energy levels. It’s advisable to seek medical attention if extreme fatigue interferes with your day-to-day life.
6. Swelling around the eyes
Lupus is commonly characterized by swelling around the eyes. The condition can induce retinal vasculitis or swelling of blood vessels that nourish the retina and surrounding tissues. This inflammation can extend to the tear glands leading to eye dryness and irritation. If left untreated, acute dry eye syndrome can cause cornea damage leading to vision impairment.
Lupus can have varying symptoms that are often confused with other ailments. The symptoms of lupus are highly manageable through lifestyle changes—including regular exercise, a healthy diet, taking supplements, and minimizing exposure to harmful UV rays.
